MikroTik RouterOS, the operating system that powers MikroTik devices, is designed to run on various hardware architectures, allowing it to be used on a wide range of devices, from home routers to enterprise-grade servers.

The architectures supported by MikroTik RouterOS fall into several categories, each designed for specific types of hardware and applications. As of my last update in April 2023, common architectures include:

1. MIPSBE (MIPS Big Endian): Used in many MikroTik routers and wireless devices. This architecture is common in models such as the RB7xx series, RB9xx series, some mAP series devices, and other mid-range devices.
2. MIPSEL (MIPS Little Endian): Found on lower-end devices, such as some RB4xx series models.
3. ARM: A more powerful architecture used in newer and higher-end devices. MikroTik's ARM devices include RB4011 series models, some Audience series devices, and other newer products requiring higher performance.
4. SMIPS: Used for very low power devices, such as the MikroTik mAP lite. This architecture is optimized for applications where power consumption and space are limited.
5. PPC (PowerPC): Found on high-end and older MikroTik devices intended for high-performance and enterprise applications, such as some Cloud Core Router (CCR) series.
6. Tile: Used in some high-performance models of the Cloud Core Router series. This architecture offers exceptional performance for intensive data processing tasks and network applications.
7. x86: Supports Intel/AMD-based hardware, allowing RouterOS to run on PCs, servers, or devices based on x86 architecture. This option is ideal for users who need to customize their hardware or who need to deploy RouterOS on high-capacity virtual or physical servers.
8. ARM64 (aarch64): A newer architecture that offers support for 64-bit processors, providing greater performance and processing efficiency. It is used in newer devices that require advanced processing capabilities.

Each architecture has its purpose and is optimized for different levels of performance and applications, from home networking solutions to high-capacity enterprise deployments.

The choice of architecture depends on the specific use, performance requirements, and desired features of the device. MikroTik continues to develop and support new architectures to adapt to the changing needs of the networking industry.