The maximum distance at which mobile devices, such as tablets and cell phones, can connect to a Wi-Fi hotspot depends on several factors:

Wi-Fi transmitter power

The power with which the Wi-Fi access point (router) emits the wireless signal has a significant impact on the range of the network. A more powerful transmitter can emit a signal that travels further.

Wi-Fi standard used

Different Wi-Fi standards have different range capabilities. For example, Wi-Fi networks based on the 802.11b/g/n standard operate in the 2.4 GHz band, which generally offers greater range than networks based on the 802.11a/ac/ax standard, which operate in the 5 GHz band. However, the 5 GHz band offers higher speeds and less interference.

Physical obstacles

Walls, floors, and other physical obstacles can absorb or reflect Wi-Fi signals, reducing their effective range. Building materials, such as concrete and metal, are particularly challenging for Wi-Fi signals.

Interferences

Other Wi-Fi networks, electronic devices, and radio frequency sources can interfere with the Wi-Fi signal, reducing its range and quality. This includes microwaves, wireless phone systems, and Bluetooth devices.

Antenna gain

The gain and type of antenna on the access point and receiving device affect the range of the connection. Directional antennas can focus the signal in a specific direction, extending the range in that direction at the expense of other directions.

Receiving device settings

The sensitivity of the Wi-Fi receiver on the mobile device also plays an important role. Some devices may have better antennas and be better able to pick up weak signals.

Operating environment

The general operating environment, including the presence of water (such as in swimming pools or ponds), vegetation, and terrain features, can affect the propagation of Wi-Fi signals.

Under ideal conditions and without significant obstacles, the typical distance at which a device can connect to a Wi-Fi access point is approximately 32 meters (105 feet) indoors and up to 100 meters (328 feet) or more outdoors for networks operating in the 2.4 GHz band.

For networks in the 5 GHz band, range is generally shorter due to the lower ability of the 5 GHz signal to penetrate physical obstacles. However, actual experience may vary widely depending on the factors mentioned above.